In a lithium polymer (LiPo) battery fire, several hazardous chemicals and gases can be released. The exact composition of the released substances can vary depending on the battery’s chemistry, state of degradation, and the conditions of the fire. Here are some of the key chemicals and hazards associated with LiPo battery fires:

**1. Hydrogen Fluoride (HF):

• Description: HF is a highly corrosive and toxic gas that can cause severe respiratory damage, eye irritation, and skin burns.
• Source: HF can be released from the decomposition of the lithium salts and electrolyte in the battery.

**2. Lithium Compounds:

• Description: Lithium compounds, such as lithium hydroxide (LiOH) or lithium carbonate (Li2CO3), can be released in a fire. These compounds can react with moisture to form caustic solutions.
• Source: These compounds result from the thermal degradation of the lithium electrolyte and cell materials.

**3. Carbon Monoxide (CO):

• Description: CO is a colorless, odorless gas that is highly toxic. It can cause headaches, dizziness, nausea, and, in severe cases, can be life-threatening.
• Source: CO is produced from the incomplete combustion of organic materials in the battery’s electrolyte and separator.

**4. Carbon Dioxide (CO2):

• Description: CO2 is a less toxic gas but can still be hazardous in high concentrations as it displaces oxygen and can cause asphyxiation.
• Source: CO2 is produced from the combustion of organic materials in the battery.

**5. Acidic Vapors:

• Description: Acidic vapors from the decomposition of the electrolyte can include sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid, which can be harmful if inhaled or if they come into contact with skin.
• Source: These vapors result from the breakdown of the electrolyte and other chemical components.

**6. Other Organic Compounds:

• Description: Various organic compounds can be released, including those from the decomposition of the polymer electrolyte and solvents used in the battery.
• Source: These compounds are formed from the breakdown of the organic components in the battery’s electrolyte.

Health and Safety Precautions:

1. Avoid Inhalation: If a LiPo battery fire occurs, avoid inhaling smoke and fumes. Move to an area with fresh air as quickly as possible.
2. Wear Protective Gear: Use protective gear, such as masks and gloves, if handling or dealing with a battery fire.
3. Use Proper Fire Extinguishers: For LiPo battery fires, use a Class D fire extinguisher or a fire extinguisher rated for electrical fires. Do not use water, as it can exacerbate the fire.
4. Ventilate the Area: Ensure that the area where the fire occurred is well-ventilated to disperse harmful gases.
5. Dispose of Damaged Batteries Safely: Follow proper disposal procedures for damaged or used LiPo batteries, as they can still pose a hazard even after a fire.

Summary:

A LiPo battery fire can release hazardous chemicals including hydrogen fluoride, lithium compounds, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, acidic vapors, and other organic compounds. It’s crucial to take safety precautions to avoid exposure to these harmful substances, use appropriate fire extinguishing methods, and ensure proper ventilation.